How Search Engine Works

A search engine helps us in organizing the content and locating the information on the World Wide Web. A search engine is a computer program which helps us to submit a query that consists of a word or phrase describing the specific information we are trying to locate over web. The search engine then finds into its database attempting to match the query. It collates and returns a list of URLs containing presentations that match our query. This list is ordered or ranked according to the better matches appearing at the top. A general search engine retrieves information from a database that contains information in wide variety of topics.

A search engine obtains its information by using a gatherer, a program that traverses the WEB and collects information about Web documents. Many people may not find the search engines as easy to use, as they mite be expecting a narrowed list of URLs which can simplify their search. To narrow this search we use a method known as web crawler. A web crawler (also known as a web spider or web robot) is a program or automated script which browses the World Wide Web in a methodical, automated manner. Other less frequently used names for web crawlers are ants, automatic indexers, bots, and worms.

This process is called web crawling or spidering. Many sites, in particular search engines, use spidering as a means of providing up-to-date data. Web crawlers are mainly used to create a copy of all the visited pages for later processing by a search engine that will index the downloaded pages to provide quick searches. Crawlers can also be used for automating maintenance tasks on a website, such as checking links or validating HTML code. Furthermore, crawlers can be used to obtain specific types of information from Web pages, such as harvesting e-mail addresses (usually for spam).The recent increase in the number of pages being generated by server-side scripting languages has also created difficulty in that endless combinations of HTTP GET parameters exist, only a small selection of which will actually return unique results.

To summarize, the ranking of web pages depends on many factors. The closest matching keywords of the website, the most frequently visited and popular sites. They query which is sent, is processed by looking in for keywords, stored in the meta tag of the webpage. Whatever best possible matching it finds, it is collated and returned back to the user.

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